Author: Victor D. Boantza
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317099346
Size: 67.55 MB
Format: PDF
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Matter And Method In The Long Chemical Revolution

by Victor D. Boantza, release date 2016-05-06, Matter And Method In The Long Chemical Revolution Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Matter And Method In The Long Chemical Revolution books, The seventeenth-century scientific revolution and the eighteenth-century chemical revolution are rarely considered together, either in general histories of science or in more specific surveys of early modern science or chemistry. This tendency arises from the long-held view that the rise of modern physics and the emergence of modern chemistry comprise two distinct and unconnected episodes in the history of science. Although chemistry was deeply transformed during and between both revolutions, the scientific revolution is traditionally associated with the physical and mathematical sciences whereas modern chemistry is seen as the exclusive product of the chemical revolution. This historiographical tension, between similarity in ’form’ and disparity in historical ’content’ of the two events, has tainted the way we understand the rise of modern chemistry as an integral part of the advent of modern science. Against this background, Matter and Method in the Long Chemical Revolution examines the role of and effects on chemistry of both revolutions in parallel, using chemistry during the chemical revolution to illuminate chemistry during the scientific revolution, and vice versa. Focusing on the crises and conflicts of early modern chemistry (and their retrospectively labeled ’losing’ parties), the author traces patterns of continuity in matter theory and experimental method from Boyle to Lavoisier, and reevaluates the disciplinary relationships between chemists, mechanists, and Newtonians in France, England, and Scotland. Adopting a unique approach to the study of the scientific and chemical revolutions, and to early modern chemical thought and practice in particular, the author challenges the standard revolution-centered history of early modern science, and reinterprets the rise of chemistry as an independent discipline in the long eighteenth century.

Author: Marcelo Dascal
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027282544
Size: 31.16 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Controversies Within The Scientific Revolution

by Marcelo Dascal, release date 2011-11-30, Controversies Within The Scientific Revolution Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Controversies Within The Scientific Revolution books, From the beginning of the Scientific Revolution around the late sixteenth century to its final crystallization in the early eighteenth century, hardly an observational result, an experimental technique, a theory, a mathematical proof, a methodological principle, or the award of recognition and reputation remained unquestioned for long. The essays collected in this book examine the rich texture of debates that comprised the Scientific Revolution from which the modern conception of science emerged. Were controversies marginal episodes, restricted to certain fields, or were they the rule in the majority of scientific domains? To what extent did scientific controversies share a typical pattern, which distinguished them from debates in other fields? Answers to these historical and philosophical questions are sought through a close attention to specific controversies within and across the changing scientific disciplines as well as across the borders of the natural and the human sciences, philosophy, theology, and technology.

Author: Dr Peter Reed
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN: 1472427211
Size: 55.76 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Docs
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Acid Rain And The Rise Of The Environmental Chemist In Nineteenth Century Britain

by Dr Peter Reed, release date 2014-04-28, Acid Rain And The Rise Of The Environmental Chemist In Nineteenth Century Britain Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Acid Rain And The Rise Of The Environmental Chemist In Nineteenth Century Britain books, Robert Angus Smith (1817-1884) was a Scottish chemist and a leading investigator into what came to be known as 'acid rain'. This study of his working life, contextualized through discussion of his childhood, education, beliefs, family, interests and influences sheds light on the evolving understanding of sanitary science during the nineteenth century. Born in Glasgow and initially trained for a career in the Church of Scotland, Smith instead went on to study chemistry in Germany under Justus von Liebig. On his return to Manchester in the 1840s, Smith's strong Calvinist faith lead him to develop a strong concern for the insanitary environmental conditions in Manchester and other industrial towns in Britain. His appointment as Inspector of the Alkali Administration in 1863 enabled him to marry his social concerns and his work as an analytical chemist, and this book explores his role as Inspector of the Administration from its inception through battles with chemical manufacturers in the courts, to the struggle to widen and tighten the regulatory framework as other harmful chemical nuisances became known. This study of Smith’s life and work provides an important background to the way that 'chemical' came to have such negative connotations in the century before publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring. It also offers a fascinating insight into the changing landscape of British politics as regulation and enforcement of the chemical industries came to be seen as necessary, and is essential reading for historians of science, technology and industry in the nineteenth century, as well as environmental historians seeking background context to the twentieth-century environmental movements.

Author: Lucio Russo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540200680
Size: 38.77 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 487
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The Forgotten Revolution

by Lucio Russo, release date 2003-11-26, The Forgotten Revolution Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download The Forgotten Revolution books, The period from the late fourth to the late second century B. C. witnessed, in Greek-speaking countries, an explosion of objective knowledge about the external world. WhileGreek culture had reached great heights in art, literature and philosophyalreadyin the earlier classical era, it is in the so-called Hellenistic period that we see for the ?rst time — anywhere in the world — the appearance of science as we understand it now: not an accumulation of facts or philosophically based speculations, but an or- nized effort to model nature and apply such models, or scienti?ctheories in a sense we will make precise, to the solution of practical problems and to a growing understanding of nature. We owe this new approach to scientists such as Archimedes, Euclid, Eratosthenes and many others less familiar todaybut no less remarkable. Yet, not long after this golden period, much of this extraordinary dev- opment had been reversed. Rome borrowed what it was capable of from the Greeks and kept it for a little while yet, but created very little science of its own. Europe was soon smothered in theobscurantism and stasis that blocked most avenues of intellectual development for a thousand years — until, as is well known, the rediscovery of ancient culture in its fullness paved the way to the modern age.

Author: J. Wiatr
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400993536
Size: 74.38 MB
Format: PDF, ePub
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Polish Essays In The Methodology Of The Social Sciences

by J. Wiatr, release date 2012-12-06, Polish Essays In The Methodology Of The Social Sciences Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Polish Essays In The Methodology Of The Social Sciences books, Modern philosophy has benefited immensely from the intelligence, and sensitivity, the creative and critical energies, and the lucidity of Polish scholars. Their investigations into the logical and methodological foundations of mathematics, the physical and biological sciences, ethics and esthetics, psychology, linguistics, economics and jurisprudence, and the social science- all are marked by profound and imaginative work. To the centers of empiricist philosophy of science in Vienna, Berlin and Cambridge during the first half of this century, one always added the great school of analytic and methodol ogical studies in Warsaw and Lwow. To the world centers of Marxist theoretical practice in Berlin, Moscow, Paris, Rome and elsewhere, one must add the Poland of the same era, from Ludwik Krzywicki (1859-1941) onward. American socialists and economists will remember the careful work of Oscar Lange, working among us for many years and then after 1945 in Warsaw, always humane, logical, objective. In this volume, our friend and colleague, Jerzy J. Wiatr, has assembled a representative set of recent essays by Polish social scientists and philosophers. Each of these might lead the reader far beyond this book, to look into the Polish Sociological Bulletin which has been publishing Polish sociological studies in English for several decades, to study other translations of books and papers by these authors, and to reflect upon the interplay of logical, phenomenological, Marxist, empiricist and historical learning in modern Polish social understanding.

Author: Matthew Eddy
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN: 9780754663324
Size: 22.22 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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The Language Of Mineralogy

by Matthew Eddy, release date 2008, The Language Of Mineralogy Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download The Language Of Mineralogy books, The specific methods used to construct Enlightenment systems of natural history have proven to be the bête noir of studies that address eighteenth-century culture. This book shows how the classification practices of a defined institutional setting enabled naturalists to create systems of natural history and, by explicitly connecting eighteenth-century geology to the chemistry being taught in medical settings, offers a new interpretation of the nascent earth sciences as they were practiced in Enlightenment Britain.

Author: John Ridley
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136399488
Size: 39.73 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Health And Safety In Brief

by John Ridley, release date 2008-05-09, Health And Safety In Brief Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Health And Safety In Brief books, In plain English, John Ridley guides the reader through Health and Safety legislation and explains how to comply with it in practical terms. The text is clearly laid out, distinguishing between bulleted summaries of legislative requirements and the author's advice and commentary. By condensing the fundamental contents of the author's acclaimed Safety at Work into a practical and affordable volume, Health and Safety in Brief has established itself as a valuable handbook for safety representatives and managers, as well as an essential revision aid for students on introductory health & safety and general management courses such as: * NEBOSH National Certificate and Diploma in Occupational Safety and Health * IOSH Managing Safely * CIEH Advanced Certificate in Health & Safety in the Workplace * British Safety Council Level 3 Certificate in Occupational Safety and Health * NVQs in Occupational Safety and Health * Chartered Management Institute's Level 5 Diploma in Management New in this edition: * Completely revised coverage of fire safety in line with Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order * Construction safety incorporates new Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 and new Working at Heights Regulations * Coverage of changes in employment law, including age discrimination and working time * More on the effects of the Woolf Report

Author: M.E. Beggs Humpreys
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136615903
Size: 76.99 MB
Format: PDF, Kindle
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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The Scientific And Industrial Revolution Of Time

by M.E. Beggs Humpreys, release date 2013-11-05, The Scientific And Industrial Revolution Of Time Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download The Scientific And Industrial Revolution Of Time books, First Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780080577746
Size: 38.94 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Docs
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Modern Map Methods In Particle Beam Physics

by , release date 1999-09-22, Modern Map Methods In Particle Beam Physics Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download Modern Map Methods In Particle Beam Physics books, Advances in Imaging & Electron Physics merges two long-running serials--Advances in Electronics & Electron Physics and Advances in Optical & Electron Microscopy. The series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.

Author: Dr Thomas Söderqvist
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN: 1409479641
Size: 31.67 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Mobi
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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The History And Poetics Of Scientific Biography

by Dr Thomas Söderqvist, release date 2013-06-28, The History And Poetics Of Scientific Biography Books available in PDF, EPUB, Mobi Format. Download The History And Poetics Of Scientific Biography books, Biographies of scientists carry an increasingly prominent role in today's publishing climate. Traditional historical and sociological accounts of science are complemented by narratives that emphasize the importance of the scientific subject in the production of science. Not least is the realization that the role of science in culture is much more accessible when presented through the lives of its practitioners. Taken as a genre, such biographies play an important role in the public understanding of science. In recent years there has been an increasing number of monographs and collections about biography in general and literary biography in particular. However, biographies of scientists, engineers and medical doctors have rarely been the topic of scholarly inquiry. As such this volume of essays will be welcomed by those interested in the genre of science biography, and who wish to re-examine its history, foundational problems and theoretical implications. Borrowing approaches and methods from cultural studies and the history, philosophy and sociology of science, the contributions cover a broad range of subjects, periods and locations. By presenting such a rich diversity of essays, the volume is able to chart the reoccurring conceptual problems and devices that have influenced scientific biographies from classical antiquity to the present day. In so doing it provides a compelling overview of the history of the genre, suggesting that the different valuations given scientific biography over time have been largely fuelled by vested professional interests.